By the TessDrive Team
The hum of an electric motor replacing the roar of an engine, the soft touch of a plant-based textile instead of traditional leather—these are more than just features in a modern car. They are signals of a profound shift in how we think about mobility. For generations, the act of buying a car was a decision driven by performance, style, and price. Today, a new set of criteria has entered the conversation, criteria that speak to our TessDrive team’s deepest values: Sustainability and compassion. We find ourselves at a crossroads, balancing our need to move through the world with a growing awareness of the impact that movement has on the planet and its inhabitants.
This is not a story about sacrifice. It is a story about evolution. A new generation of vehicles is emerging from the world’s most forward-thinking design studios and engineering labs, built on the principle that you don’t have to choose between a great car and a good conscience. These are vehicles that challenge the old paradigms, proving that true luxury lies not in excess, but in thoughtful, responsible design. This report is a deep dive into this new automotive landscape. It goes beyond the glossy marketing brochures and simplistic green labels to explore what makes a car truly sustainable over its entire life and what it means for a vehicle to be genuinely cruelty-free. The journey ahead reveals a world of groundbreaking materials, holistic engineering, and a future where the car in your driveway can be a powerful statement about the world you want to live in.
What makes a car truly ‘green’ and ‘kind’?
Before we can crown the champions of sustainable and ethical driving, we must first define the race. The terms “green” and “vegan” are often used in marketing, but their true meaning in the context of a complex machine like a car is far more nuanced. Understanding the metrics and the hidden complexities is the first step toward making a genuinely informed choice.
Beyond tailpipes: A car’s full life story
For decades, a car’s environmental impact was measured almost exclusively by what came out of its exhaust pipe. The rise of the electric vehicle (EV), with its zero tailpipe emissions, seemed to offer a simple solution. Yet, the reality is more complex. The true environmental cost of any vehicle—electric or gasoline—can only be understood by examining its entire existence, from the moment its raw materials are mined to the day it is recycled. This comprehensive approach is known as a life cycle assessment (LCA), and it is the gold standard for measuring a car’s real-world footprint.
An LCA evaluates a car’s impact across three key stages:
Manufacturing (“cradle”): This is the car’s “birth,” and it comes with an initial environmental cost, often called its “carbon debt.” For all cars, this includes the energy used to mine metals, form the chassis, and assemble thousands of components. For EVs, this stage is particularly energy-intensive due to the production of the battery, which can mean an EV starts its life with a larger carbon footprint than its gasoline counterpart;
Use phase (“gate”): This is the car’s life on the road. For a gasoline car, this is where the vast majority of its environmental damage occurs, through the constant burning of fossil fuels. For an EV, there are no tailpipe emissions. However, there are “upstream” emissions generated from producing the electricity used to charge it. The impact of this phase is therefore directly linked to the cleanliness of the local power grid;
End-of-life (“grave”): This is what happens when the car is no longer drivable. The key metric here is recyclability. Can the steel, aluminum, plastics, and precious battery minerals be recovered and reused, or do they end up in a landfill? A car designed for a circular economy, where its components can be repurposed, has a much smaller end-of-life impact.
Organizations like Green NCAP have adopted this holistic LCA approach to provide a more honest assessment of a vehicle’s environmental credentials. Their awards are not given for flashy features, but for achieving the lowest total life cycle greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions, assessing everything from manufacturing and energy supply to maintenance and disposal.
This comprehensive view reveals two critical truths about modern vehicles. First, it highlights the concept of a “carbon crossover” point. While an EV may begin with a higher carbon footprint from manufacturing, its vastly cleaner operation means that over thousands of miles, it will surpass a gasoline car, paying back its initial carbon debt and continuing to widen its environmental advantage over its entire lifespan. The longer an EV is driven, the greater its net positive impact becomes, reframing the purchase as a long-term environmental investment.
Second, it underscores a dynamic and powerful advantage that EVs hold: They get cleaner over time without a single mechanical change. As the world’s electricity grids increasingly shift away from fossil fuels toward solar, wind, and other renewables, the “upstream” emissions from charging an EV decrease. The sustainability of every EV on the road automatically improves with every new solar panel or wind turbine added to the grid. A gasoline car, forever tethered to the combustion of fossil fuels, can never make this claim.
The ‘vegan’ vehicle: More than just the seats
Parallel to the push for environmental sustainability is a growing movement for cruelty-free ethics in manufacturing. In the automotive world, this has given rise to the concept of the “vegan car.” While the term might seem unusual for a machine, it refers to a vehicle made without the use of animal-derived products.
It is crucial to acknowledge that, as of today, a commercially available car that is 100% free of animal products does not exist. The supply chains are immensely complex, and animal-derived substances can appear in the most unexpected places. However, the industry is making remarkable progress, driven largely by consumer demand and advocacy from groups like the People for the Ethical Treatment of Animals (PETA).
The journey toward a vegan vehicle involves tackling both the obvious and the hidden animal products:
The obvious: The most visible use of animal products is in the interior. For decades, leather has been marketed as the hallmark of luxury, used for seats, steering wheels, and gear shifts. It can take the hides of three or more cows to line the interior of a standard car. Wool is another common material, used in premium upholstery blends and floor mats. The industry’s response to ethical concerns has been swift, with a massive shift toward high-quality animal-free alternatives that are now key features for many brands;
The hidden: The deeper challenge lies in the components that are out of sight.
Tires: A substance called stearic acid is a common ingredient in rubber production, used to help the rubber hold its shape while improving flexibility and grip. This acid is frequently derived from tallow, a rendered form of animal fat.
Adhesives and lubricants: The steel frame of a car may be lubricated with animal-fat-based products during manufacturing. Furthermore, some industrial adhesives can be made from animal collagen, extracted from hides and bones.
Paints and displays: Historically, some pigments used in car paints have contained animal byproducts. Even the liquid crystal displays on a modern dashboard may use cholesterol sourced from animals.
This complexity does not mean the pursuit is futile. In fact, it reveals a clear pattern: Consumer demand is fueling a phased revolution. The widespread adoption of “vegan leather” and leather-free interiors is a direct response to market pressure. This victory in the most visible part of the car—the interior—sets a powerful precedent. It creates a roadmap for change, empowering consumers and advocates to now turn their attention to the hidden components. The conversation has started with the seats; the next chapter will be about the tires, the adhesives, and the hundred other small details that will pave the way for a truly, completely cruelty-free vehicle.
Today’s top contenders
Navigating the landscape of sustainable and cruelty-free cars requires a new way of looking at a vehicle’s spec sheet. Range and horsepower are still important, but they now share the stage with metrics like life cycle emissions, recycled material content, and the ethics of the supply chain. The following vehicles represent the vanguard of this new automotive era. They are not just eco-friendly; they are holistically and thoughtfully designed machines that push the boundaries of what a modern car can be.
To provide a clear overview, the following scorecard summarizes the key attributes of the leading models. It allows for a quick comparison based on price, range, and their unique ethical and environmental credentials, helping you identify the vehicles that best align with your priorities.
The holistic champions (Green NCAP 2024 Winners)
In 2024, the rigorous testing body Green NCAP bestowed its prestigious LCA Award on 5 EVs that demonstrated an outstandingly low environmental impact across their entire lifespan. These cars met an exceptionally strict threshold of emitting 100 grams of CO2-equivalent per km (gCO2−eq/km) or less, from manufacturing through to recycling. They represent the current pinnacle of holistic sustainable design.
BYD Dolphin: A standout performer, the Dolphin not only secured the LCA Award but also earned a 5-star rating from Green NCAP with an overall score of 98% for its exceptional efficiency. Its design philosophy extends to the cabin, which comes standard with a full vegan leather interior, including the seats and steering wheel. While it excels in sustainability metrics, consumers may consider the ethical complexities associated with manufacturing in China, a point raised by human rights organizations.
Hyundai Kona Electric: The Kona Electric is another LCA Award winner that proves efficiency is key to sustainability. Green NCAP lauded its low energy consumption values, which were among the best they had ever tested, and its impressive grid-to-battery efficiency of 92%. Hyundai is also exploring the use of high-quality sustainable materials, such as eco-friendly bio paints, in its interiors. It is important for buyers to note, however, that some past or regional versions have offered real leather, so confirming a vegan-friendly spec is necessary.
Jeep Avenger: Proving that an SUV can be sustainable, the all-electric Avenger earned its place on the LCA winners’ podium with an economical powertrain and good energy consumption figures. The interior design thoughtfully incorporates vegan leather on the exterior of the seats, paired with cloth inserts for comfort, blending practicality with a cruelty-free touch.
Opel/Vauxhall Corsa Electric: This compact electric supermini is a testament to the principle that smaller can be better for the planet. It not only won the LCA Award but was hailed by Green NCAP as one of the most energy-efficient vehicles ever tested, achieving an average score of 99%. For those seeking both sustainability and comfort, the Corsa Electric offers options like a heated vegan leather-effect steering wheel, ensuring a premium feel without the ethical compromise.
Tesla Model 3: A true pioneer in the EV space, the Model 3’s LCA Award is a validation of its efficient design. Beyond its lifecycle performance, Tesla was the first automaker to make its entire interior lineup 100% leather-free, setting a new industry standard. This move, which came after years of pressure from advocates, saw the company transition to a durable and premium synthetic material for everything from the seats to the steering wheel, aligning its products with the broader mission of sustainability detailed in its annual impact reports.
The common thread connecting these 5 winners is not the size of their batteries, but the efficiency of their design. The Green NCAP report explicitly concludes that ‘small, efficient vehicles with relatively compact batteries perform best.” This directly challenges the prevailing market trend of ever-larger batteries and longer ranges. It offers a clear, actionable principle for the conscious consumer: The most sustainable choice is often the most efficient EV that meets your daily needs, not necessarily the one with the most impressive on-paper range. This is a crucial distinction that redefines what it means to be a “better” electric car.
Material and ethical innovators
Beyond overall lifecycle emissions, a select group of automakers is pushing the boundaries of what a car’s interior can be. They are the vanguards of material science, replacing traditional notions of luxury with innovative, beautiful, and deeply ethical alternatives.
Polestar 2: If one brand has built its identity around transparency and sustainable design, it is Polestar. The company goes beyond mere claims by publishing detailed LCA reports for its vehicles, inviting scrutiny and educating consumers. The Polestar 2 comes with a 100% vegan interior as standard, but it’s the quality and innovation of the materials that set it apart. Options include WeaveTech, a dirt- and moisture-resistant material inspired by the durable fabric of wetsuits, and bio-attributed MicroTech, which combines renewable vinyl with recycled polyester for a soft yet resilient finish. Even the standard Embossed Textile is a far cry from basic cloth, featuring geometric patterns and sophisticated detailing.
Volvo C40 Recharge: Volvo has made one of the boldest ethical commitments in the industry. The C40 Recharge was the brand’s first car to be launched as completely leather-free, marking a turning point for the Swedish automaker. This was not a one-off gesture; the company has pledged that all of its new fully electric models will be leather-free, with a goal to remove leather from its entire lineup by 2030. The star of the C40’s interior is Nordico, a proprietary material developed by Volvo that embodies the circular economy. It is created from a blend of recycled materials like PET bottles, bio-attributed material from sustainable forests in Sweden and Finland, and—remarkably—corks recycled from the wine industry.
New MINI Cooper: The iconic MINI has been reborn for the electric age with sustainability at its core. The new generation Cooper comes with a fully vegan-friendly interior as standard, completely eliminating leather from the options list. The seats are upholstered in Vescin, a proprietary synthetic leather that is soft, supple, and made with recycled materials. The most striking feature, however, is the dashboard. MINI has replaced traditional plastic or wood trim with a unique, warm, and tactile knitted surface made entirely from recycled polyester, demonstrating that sustainable choices can lead to more interesting and expressive design. This is backed by the broader sustainability goals of its parent, the BMW Group, which is focusing on increasing the use of secondary materials and reducing its carbon footprint.
Cupra Born: The Cupra Born, a sporty EV from SEAT’s performance brand, is a champion of the circular economy in action. Its standard bucket seats are crafted from Seaqual Yarn, a high-quality polyester fabric made from upcycled marine plastic. In partnership with the Seaqual Initiative, plastic waste is collected from oceans, rivers, and estuaries—primarily the Mediterranean Sea—and transformed into a material that is physically indistinguishable from virgin polyester. This commitment to cleaning the oceans is matched by the car’s production process, which is certified as having a net CO2-neutral balance, offsetting any remaining emissions through environmental projects.
Accessible pioneers
Making sustainable and cruelty-free choices should not be limited to the premium market. A number of mainstream manufacturers are making significant strides, offering practical, family-friendly vehicles that bring these values within reach of a wider audience.
Volkswagen ID.4: As a spacious and practical electric SUV, the ID.4 is designed for the masses. It offers a handsome and durable vegan leatherette interior that holds up exceptionally well to daily use, making it an excellent choice for families. Beyond the current offerings, Volkswagen is signaling a deeper commitment to sustainable materials with its development of
LOVR, a revolutionary vegan leather alternative. Made from 100% bio-based industrial hemp residues, LOVR is oil-free, fully recyclable, and even compostable at the end of its life, showcasing a forward-thinking approach that could redefine car interiors by the end of the decade.
Toyota Prius: The car that started the green revolution continues to evolve. While it is a hybrid rather than a full EV, its commitment to sustainability is deeply ingrained. The modern Prius offers an interior trimmed with SofTex, Toyota’s proprietary synthetic leather. SofTex is not only soft and easy to clean but is also manufactured in a way that generates around 85% fewer CO2 emissions and 99% fewer volatile organic compounds (VOCs) than conventional synthetic leather production. This focus on material sustainability is part of Toyota’s broader environmental strategy, which employs a holistic LCA approach and incorporates “ecological plastics” derived from plant-based materials to reduce the vehicle’s carbon footprint throughout its lifecycle.
Navigating the EV supply chain
To embrace EVs as a truly sustainable solution, it is essential to confront the difficult questions surrounding their production. The path to a cleaner future is not without its challenges, and a clear-eyed view of the ethical and environmental hurdles in the EV supply chain is necessary. The most significant of these revolves around the heart of the vehicle: The battery.
The battery dilemma: Cobalt and Lithium
The high-capacity lithium-ion batteries that power modern EVs rely on key minerals, primarily lithium and cobalt. The extraction of these materials is fraught with environmental and ethical concerns that cannot be ignored.
The majority of the world’s cobalt supply—over 60%—is sourced from the Democratic Republic of Congo (DRC), a region where the mining industry is plagued by severe human rights issues. Reports have documented the use of child labor and hazardous working conditions, where miners, including children, work in dangerous artisanal mines with little to no safety equipment. Environmentally, cobalt mining can lead to the release of toxic metals into the local ecosystem, degrading the land and water sources for nearby communities.
The automotive industry is not blind to this dilemma. In response to intense scrutiny, leading manufacturers are taking significant steps to clean up their supply chains. This is happening on two main fronts:
Reducing and eliminating cobalt: Companies like Tesla have publicly stated their goal is to move towards cobalt-free battery chemistries. This technological push is driving innovation in battery design to reduce or completely eliminate reliance on the problematic mineral;
Increasing transparency and auditing: For the cobalt that is still required, companies are implementing rigorous tracking and auditing systems. Polestar, for example, uses blockchain technology to trace risk materials like cobalt, lithium, and mica back to the mine, ensuring that its suppliers adhere to strict social and environmental standards. This push for transparency is a critical step in holding suppliers accountable and driving reform on the ground.
Closing the loop: The dawn of battery recycling
While reducing the impact of mining is crucial, the ultimate long-term solution to the battery dilemma is to create a closed-loop, circular economy through recycling. An EV battery is not a disposable component like a tank of gasoline; it is a dense repository of valuable and reusable minerals. As the first generation of modern EVs reaches the end of its life, a massive new industry is emerging to harvest these materials.
Companies like Redwood Materials, founded by Tesla co-founder JB Straubel, and Li-Cycle are at the forefront of this revolution. They have developed advanced hydro- and pyrometallurgical processes that can recover up to 98% of the critical minerals in a battery pack, including lithium, cobalt, nickel, and copper. These recovered materials are then refined to battery-grade purity and sold back to manufacturers to build new batteries.
The implications of this are transformative. A robust battery recycling infrastructure will drastically reduce the need for new mining. By creating a sustainable, domestic source of battery materials, it lessens the environmental and ethical burden of extraction. It will lower the carbon footprint of battery production. Using recycled materials is significantly less energy-intensive than mining and refining virgin ore, which in turn lowers the initial carbon debt of a new EV. It will also enhance supply chain stability, reducing the geopolitical risks and price volatility associated with relying on a handful of countries for critical raw materials.
The challenges of the EV supply chain are real, but they are not an inherent, permanent flaw. Instead, they are acting as a powerful catalyst, forcing the industry to innovate at an incredible pace. The ethical problems associated with mining are directly fueling the development of both cobalt-free batteries and a world-class recycling industry. This process is creating something the fossil fuel industry could never achieve: A truly circular and sustainable economic model, where the end of one product’s life is the direct source for the beginning of the next. This is not just a story of problems; it is a story of solutions taking shape.
Road to tomorrow: The future of guilt-free driving
The shift towards sustainable and cruelty-free cars is not a fleeting trend; it is the beginning of a fundamental reimagining of automotive materials. The innovations we see in today’s leading vehicles are just the first step. On the horizon, a new wave of bio-based materials is moving from the laboratory to the production line, promising a future where our cars are grown, not just manufactured. These emerging technologies point towards a vehicle that is not only less harmful but is actively in harmony with natural cycles.
Mushroom leather (Mycelium)—One of the most promising leather alternatives comes from an unlikely source: The root structure of mushrooms, known as mycelium. Companies like MycoWorks have developed a proprietary technology called Fine Mycelium, which grows a dense, interlocking material that can be finished to have the look, feel, and durability of the highest-quality animal leather. This is not a distant dream; General Motors has invested in the company and is actively collaborating with its luxury brand, Cadillac, to develop this bio-based material for high-performance automotive interiors. The material has already been showcased in a Cadillac concept vehicle, used for charging mats and door pockets, marking its debut in the automotive world.
Pineapple leather (Piñatex)—The leaves of the pineapple plant, typically discarded as agricultural waste, are finding a new life as a durable, flexible textile. Piñatex is a non-woven material created from the long fibers extracted from these leaves. The process provides an additional source of income for farming communities and utilizes a resource that would otherwise be wasted. This innovative material is already being used by major brands in fashion and hospitality and has made its automotive debut in concept cars like the Renault Emblème, where it was used to upholster the interior. As a material that is lighter and less expensive than traditional leather, its potential for wider adoption is significant.
The search for sustainable materials has turned the entire natural world into a design lab. Automakers and suppliers are experimenting with an incredible array of bio-based sources.
Food waste: A study by design group Callum found that materials like coffee pulp, eggshells, and expired rice and lentils can be mixed with resin to create smooth, durable surfaces suitable for interior trim and switch surrounds.
Agave fibers: Ford has partnered with tequila producer Jose Cuervo to explore using the tough, fibrous byproducts of agave harvesting to create lighter, more sustainable bioplastics for components like wiring harnesses and storage bins.
Natural fibers: Plants like flax, hemp, and kenaf are being used to create natural fiber composites that can replace petroleum-based plastics and even carbon fiber. These materials are lightweight, reducing vehicle weight to improve efficiency, and sequester carbon as they grow. The Volvo EX30 and Polestar 3 already use flax-based composites for interior panels.
These advancements represent more than just material substitution. They signify a philosophical shift towards a circular and bio-integrated design ethos, where the components of our vehicles are part of a renewable cycle of growth, use, and decomposition.
Make an empowered choice
The journey through the world of sustainable and cruelty-free automobiles reveals a landscape of incredible innovation and complex challenges. It is clear that the “perfect car”—one with zero environmental impact and a completely animal-free supply chain—is not yet in showrooms. But what is equally clear is that the relentless pursuit of this ideal is driving the most significant and positive transformation the auto industry has ever seen. The gap between the ideal and the reality is narrowing with every new model year, every material innovation, and every conscious choice made by a consumer.
Making a better choice is no longer a matter of guesswork. It is about arming yourself with the right knowledge and asking the right questions. The path to a more responsible car purchase is paved with a few key principles:
Think lifecycle, not just tailpipe: The most important shift in mindset is to look beyond fuel economy and tailpipe emissions. Prioritize vehicles from manufacturers who are transparent about their LCAs and choose models that demonstrate a low overall impact from manufacturing to end-of-life;
Choose efficiency: In the world of EVs, bigger is not always better. A vehicle with a moderately sized battery and high energy efficiency will often have a smaller total environmental footprint than a massive EV with a gigantic battery pack. Choose the most efficient car that truly meets your daily needs;
Demand transparency: Support the brands that are leading the way in supply chain transparency. Your interest and your questions as a consumer send a powerful signal;
Embrace the new luxury: Let go of the outdated notion that luxury is defined by animal hides and rare woods. The new benchmark for premium design is innovation, intelligence, and ethics. Materials born from recycled ocean plastic, sustainably managed forests, and the root systems of mushrooms are not just alternatives; they are superior, telling a story of progress and responsibility that traditional materials cannot match.
Your next car purchase is more than a transaction. It is a vote. It is a signal sent to the entire automotive industry about the future you want to support. By choosing a vehicle that prioritizes holistic sustainability and cruelty-free design, you become an active participant in accelerating this positive transformation. You are not just choosing a car for yourself; you are helping to pave the road to a cleaner, kinder, and more intelligent future of mobility for everyone.
Information sourced from the following:
o The Greenest Cars of 2024: LCA Awards – Green NCAP
o Prius Environmental Declaration—Prius Touring Club
o Electric Vehicle Myths | US EPA
o Carbon Footprint Face-Off: A Full Picture of EVs vs. Gas Cars – Recurrent
o BMW i3: Sustainability
o LCA | Toyota Prius Plug-In Hybrid
o Vehicles For Vegans: The Most Animal-Friendly Cars—Scrap Car
o Vegan vehicles: The future of cars—vegansociety.com
o Rivian and Other Brands With Vegan Car Interiors—PETA
o PETA’s European Vegan Car Interior Survey
o A Vegan’s Guide to Cars—Viva!
o Best vegan-friendly cars 2025—Parkers
o Vegan Cars: How to Find a Leather-Free Interior—vegan.com
o These 8 Auto Makers Offer Vegan Leather Interior Options—VegNews.com
o Animal Capital in the Automobile Industry—Centre for Urban Ecology and Sustainability
o Products From Animals—Animal Smart
o The Glue Factory—Maydos Coating
o Design Your Model 3—Tesla.com
o 2024 Polestar 2 Review, Pricing, and Specs—Car and Driver
o Sustainability report—Polestar
o Polestar 2 interior features—polestar.com
o MINI Cooper EV Vehicle Lineup—Lauderdale MINI
o Review: MINI’s New massaging, ventilated vegan seats are here but are they good?—forum.minipeople.ru
o 2024 Volvo C40 Recharge Prices, Reviews, and Pictures—Edmunds
o Volvo C40 Recharge Leather Free Interior—YouTube
o The Volvo C40 Recharge represents the future of Volvo cars—Listers
o Volvo Sustainable & Innovative Car Materials—Volvo Cars
o Cupra Born review: Affordable and sporty EV with great range—The Independent
o CUPRA and Seaqual Initiative Team up—cupraofficial.ie
o CUPRA Reinterprets Sustainable Materials—cupraofficial.co.uk
o What is SEAQUAL YARN?—CUPRA Christchurch
o 2025 Volkswagen ID.4 Prices, Reviews, and Pictures—Edmunds
o Meet the 2025 VW ID.4 Electric SUV—Volkswagen
o Volkswagen is redefining car interiors with a new vegan leather alternative made from hemp—veganfoodandliving.com
o VW ID4 Interior: Owner’s Long-term Review—EV Help Hub
o BYD Dolphin Specification—byd.com
o Cutting-Edge & Cruelty-Free Innovations—Hyundai Worldwide
o 2026 Toyota Prius—Toyota.com
o Toyota SofTex vs. Leather: What’s the Difference?—McCarthy Toyota of Sedalia Blog
o Outstanding environmental performance for BYD Dolphin in Green NCAP test—byd.com
o Test driving a BYD Dolphin—YouTube
o Hyundai Kona electric FWD automatic, 2024—Green NCAP
o 2022 Hyundai Kona Electric Review: Charming But Flawed—Motor1.com
o Jeep Avenger Summit electric FWD automatic, 2024—Green NCAP
o Jeep Avenger interior review—YouTube
o Jeep Avenger review—ArenaEV
o Opel/Vauxhall Corsa electric FWD automatic, 2024—Green NCAP
o Vauxhall Corsa—vauxhall.co.uk
o Vauxhall Corsa Electric | Specifications & Dimensions—Carwow
o Are Tesla Seats Leather? What You Need to Know—Sustainable Business Magazine
o 2023 Tesla Impact Report Highlights—TeslaNorth.com
o Sustainability report—Polestar
o Car Companies Hit the Brakes on Cruelty: PETA Launches First Worldwide Roundup of Vegan Car Interiors—peta.org
o Interior – Polestar 2—polestar.com
o Volvo Sustainable & Innovative Car Materials—volvocars.com
o How Sustainable is MINI? Looking to the Future—MINI UK
o Report of the Supervisory board | BMW Group Report 2024—bmwgroup.com
o From the sea to CUPRA Born seats-Seaqual Initiative—seaqual.org
o The Road to Ethical EV Sustainability—Dollaride
o Tesla Sustainability Report—Impakter Index
o Top 10 Leaders in EV Battery Recycling Market Today—Kings Research
o Green Materials in Cars Strategic Analysis Report 2025—GlobeNewswire
o The Role of Sustainable Materials in Automotive Manufacturing—Karsan
o The Bio-Based Materials Automotive Value Chain—cargroup.org
o Cadillac and MycoWorks Collaborate on New Bio-based Material—mycoworks.com
o IndieBio’s mushroom “leather” maker MycoWorks has caught the attention of high fashion and automotive clients—indiebio.co
o GM Just Invested in a Mushroom Leather Company—The Hog Ring
o Cadillac and MycoWorks develop mushroom-based renewable leather—news.cadillac.com
o Mycelium leather used in car interior—MaterialDistrict
o Piñatex | Sustainable leather from pineapples—Handbagio
o Piñatex: Trimming Cars in Pineapple Leaves—The Hog Ring
o Renault’s New Concept Car Smells Like Innovation and Pineapple Leaves—The Hog Ring
o Vegan Leather from Pineapple Fibers—internationalleatherclub.com
o A Bio-Based Future for Car Interiors—Stylus
o Sustainable materials in cars of the future—Continental Tires
o A natural fit: how and why the automotive production industry is turning to bio-materials for sustainable solutions in pursuit of zero emissions and enhanced performance—automotivemanufacturingsolutions.com
o Automakers Opt for Sustainable Materials—Assembly Magazine
o Sustainable automotive materials for a green car design—cares-sustainableforum.com